July 2003  South African Bible Believers News
Missionary News
1:Mike Dobbins
2:Alan and Winsome     .       Madgwick
3: Graham and Rinske .  .       Williams            4: Noel and Joy . Stoffberg           5: Liz Chambers     6:Paul and Dorothy  . .       Grieve                    7: Jonathan and Ruth Newell

From The News Headlines.

Jokes

Brethren, pray for us.


Brief History of Israel

The 3 Companies whom God deals with.

 

 1) Mike Dobbins Chingola Zambia

Greetings in the name of Jesus Christ from Chingola , Zambia .  The Lord blessed us with a really, good month this past month.  We have sent several soul winning teams to Kitwe town to help Bro. Chishala's church (Open Door Baptist) with evangelism.  There have been more than 40 souls saved in Kitwe during those evangelism efforts.  Now is the time to put a lot of prayer on this baby church as the Chingola church hopes to help purchase property for the building of the church in Kitwe .  The national church in Chingola is giving a small percentage of the down payment for the land.         

 

When we re-open the Bible school classes in July we will be having classes on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, Lord willing.  This term we plan to teach Theology, Gospel of John, Sermon Preparation and Delivery, and we will finish the second half of Matthew.  For the past two years, we were only able to have classes on Saturday afternoon because we were meeting in the primary school.  We are so thankful to have our own building and the freedom to meet as often as we like.  Due to the fact that we have not yet built the Sunday school / Bible Institute building, we are simply meeting in the church building.            

 

The Lord blessed me personally with nine converts in June.  Of course, we deal with scores of people that are either already saved or they refuse to get saved after hearing the truth.  But one of the highlights of the month was my dealing with a young man named Darphe.  He listened while I dealt with some other people, and the discussion was interrupted.  Therefore, he came back another day to my place with a friend because they were both very concerned about eternity.  It was blessing to have a great discussion with them and to be able to deal with them very thoroughly.  They were both gloriously saved and we are praying that they will leave their rotten church and join Bible Believers' Baptist Church.

 

Correspondence Courses

 

Our nationwide radio program and correspondence course continues to flourish.  We have about 80 students from all over Zambia enrolled in the correspondence courses.  It is obvious to me now that we will need to replace our old copy machine because the work load is simply too large.  Along with the correspondence lessons, we also have about 15 men in the Advanced Discipleship and a good number of folks in the first phase of discipleship.  These things provide us with a constant load of copying.  The Lord has blessed us with about three churches that have committed to helping us purchase a new copy machine.  We are still in need of approximately $1,000 in order to be able to buy the new machine.  At this time, we are continuing to put a great deal of money into the church building project and that has made it difficult for us to buy the new machine without asking for extra help.  I am sorry about that.  We do not make it a habit of asking for such things, but again, the expenses of the current building project and the need of the correspondence ministry have made this necessary. 

 

Thank you for all that you do to sustain this work and propagate the Gospel all over Zambia .  Your prayer and financial help are not taken for granted.  God bless you all.

 

In Christ,

 

Mike Dobbins

 

2) Alan and Winsome Madgwick (Kokstad KZN South Africa)  

Please pray for the Men's Bible Week to be held in KZN in the first week of July.  After Bible Week I go to Pietermaritzburg for a medical check-up, which the doctor's require every six months.  Then Winsome will have to have her arm seen to.  It was put off due to my hospitalization."

  3) Graham and Rinske Williams (Chatsworth, Durban, KZN, SA)

  Colin is an Indian gentleman who has been attending the meetings for a few years.  His wife was saved about two years ago.  He has now joined her in the faith.  In the first week after turning to the Lord, he was attacked and beaten up very badly by some thugs near his home.  Praise the Lord his faith remained firm and unshaken."

4) Noel and Joy Stoffberg (Christian Youth Activities, Johannesburg, Gauteng, SA)

  There were 14 new campers at our last Bible camp, 7 of whom made professions of faith in our Lord Jesus.  On the latest Star Seaside trip, the co-operation of a number of the monitors and teachers left a lot to be desired.  Please pray for Peter and Gail as they settle in.  Their three teenage children are not finding it easy to adjust.  They are also having difficulty with some of their bosses in Johannesburg."

5) Liz Chambers (North Africa)

  We have 2 more sisters in Christ!  Abby made her decision when she spent the night at our house!  The other girl, Zinny, made a decision when she was met by two Canadian girls who are here for the summer.  Praise the Lord, my visa was granted and it only took two weeks. I was also given a 6 month, 2 re-entry visa instead of having to get one every time I leave the country."

  6) Paul and Dorothy Grieve (Murchison Mission, KZN, SA)

  Another Emmaus course is in the process of being reprinted.  At present they are barely able to cope with the increasing number of requests for Bible correspondence courses from prisons.  They are currently frustrated by the lack of availability of 5 cent postage stamps.  They are used extensively when dispatching lessons.  Please pray about this matter.

7) Jonathan and Ruth Newell (Blantyre, Malawi)

  We continue to enjoy safety on the roads and thank the Lord for protection when a police bus came at us head on and we still do not know how we missed it.  Jonathan would value your prayers as his church work has started to encroach upon his language studies.  He writes his next exam in July. Please pray that Ruth's Chichewa teacher will be able to find the time to start teaching her again."

___________________________ 

Jokes

While my friend was working as a receptionist for an eye
surgeon, a very angry woman stormed up to her desk..
"Someone stole my wig while I was having surgery
yesterday," she complained.

The doctor came out and tried to calm her down.  "I assure
you that no one on my staff would have done such a thing,"
he said. "Why do you think it was taken here?"

"After the operation, I noticed the wig I was wearing was
cheap-looking and ugly."

"I think" explained the surgeon gently, "that means your
cataract operation was a success."
              .                                 .     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Gardening Rule: When weeding, the best way to make sure you are  removing a weed and not a valuable plant is to pull on it. If it comes  out of the ground easily, it is a valuable plant.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The easiest way to find something lost around the house is to buy  a replacement.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Never take life seriously. Nobody gets out alive anyway.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
There are two kinds of pedestrians -- the quick and the dead.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
An unbreakable toy is useful for breaking other toys.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If quitters never win, and winners never quit, then who is the  fool who said, "Quit while you're ahead?"
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~      

The only difference between a rut and a grave is the depth.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Get the last word in: Apologize.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Give a person a fish and you feed them for a day; teach that  person to use the Internet and they won't bother you for weeks.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Some people are like Slinkies . . . not really good for anything,  but you still can't help but smile when you see one tumble down the  stairs.
            ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Have you noticed since everyone has a camcorder these days no one  talks about seeing UFOs like they use to?
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Whenever I feel blue, I start breathing again.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

All of us could take a lesson from the weather. It pays no  attention to criticism.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Why does a slight tax increase cost you two hundred dollars and a  substantial tax cut saves you thirty cents?
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In the 60's, people took acid to make the world weird. Now the  world is weird and people take Prozac to make it  normal.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Politics is supposed to be the second oldest profession. I have  come to realize that it bears a very close  resemblance to the first.
      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
How is it one careless match can start a forest fire, but it takes  a whole box to start a campfire?

(Sent by Geoff of Nepean Baptist Church Australia)

_______________________________________________

 

Brethren, pray for us." --1 Thessalonians 5:25

C.H. Spurgeon

This one morning in the year we reserved to refresh the reader's memory upon the subject of prayer for ministers, and we do most earnestly implore every Christian household to grant the fervent request of the text first uttered by an apostle and now repeated by us. Brethren, our work is Solemnly momentous, involving weal or woe to thousands; we treat with souls for God on eternal business, and our word is either a savour of life unto life, or of death unto death. A very heavy responsibility rests upon us, and it will be no small mercy if at the last we be found clear of the blood of all men. As officers in Christ's army, we are the especial mark of the enmity of men and devils; they watch for our halting, and labour to take us by the heels. Our sacred calling involves us in temptations from which you are exempt, above all it too often draws us away from our personal enjoyment of truth into a ministerial and official consideration of it. We meet with many knotty cases, and our wits are at a non plus; we observe very sad backslidings, and our hearts are wounded; we see millions perishing, and our spirits sink. We wish to profit you by our preaching; we desire to be blest to your children; we long to be useful both to saints and sinners; therefore, dear friends, intercede for us with our God. Miserable men are we if we miss the aid of your prayers, but happy are we if we live in your supplications. You do not look to us but to our Master for spiritual blessings, and yet how many times has He given those blessings through His ministers; ask then, again and again, that we may be the earthen vessels into which the Lord may put the treasure of the gospel. We, the whole company of missionaries, ministers, city missionaries, and students, do in the name of Jesus beseech you
"BRETHREN, PRAY FOR US."

________________________________________

Jew, Gentile and Church

The Three Companies With Whom God Deals

 
 
"Give none offense, neither to the JEWS,   
nor to the GENTILES,   
nor to the CHURCH of God" (1Cor.10:32) 
 

ISRAEL

God’s chosen, earthly people 
Deut.7:6-7, Isa.44:1

THE GENTILES

All other nations or nationalities 
Deut.32:8, Acts 4:27

THE CHURCH

God’s heavenly people the body of Christ   
Eph.1:22-23, 2:6

Destination

The 1000 year kingdom   
Matt.25:34

Destination

The judgment   
Matt.25:41, Rev.20:13

 Destination

In glory, with Christ   
Phill.3:20, 1Thess.4:16-17

Christ Crucified

A stumbling block   
1Cor.1:23, 1Pet. 2:8

Christ Crucified

Foolishness   
1Cor.1:18, 23

Christ Crucified

The power of God and the wisdom of God  1Cor.1:24

Tendency

Require signs, miracles  
1Cor.1:22

Tendency

Seek after wisdom  
1Cor.1:11-22

Tendency

To preach Christ crucified  
1Cor.1:23, 2Cor.4:5

The message

"Repent" (nationally)  
Matt.3:2, Acts 2:38

The message

"Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ" Acts 16:31

The message

"Walk worthy" of calling  
Eph. 4:1-3

The baptism

Water baptism  
Matt.6:10, 9:35, 25:34  
John 1:31-33

The baptism

Fire (judgment)  
2Thess.1:8  
 

The baptism

The "one baptism" of the Holy Spirit  
Eph.4:5, 1Cor.12:13 
 

The hope

"Thy kingdom come"  
Matt.6:9 

The hope

"Having no hope"  
Ephesians 2:12

The hope

The rapture, that "blessed hope"  
Titus 2:13, 1Cor.15:52 
 
 

This diagram gives only a few of the differences which the Word of God draws concerning these three companies with which God deals. It is always a joy to a babe in Christ to begin to see these differences, for it brings him out of the fog of confusion, making the blessed old Book an intelligent and living reality. Protestantism, to say nothing of Rome, is almost totally ignorant of this simple but important secret in "rightly dividing" the Word of truth (2Tim. 2:15). For that reason, they grope about in darkness, trying to make Jewish ordinances and Jewish promises work on church ground, "which say they are Jews, and are not" (Rev. 3:9). They try to inherit the kingdom promises that are for the nation of Israel, and not for the Church. They expect the unsaved Gentile to behave like a believer, who has been made a "new creature" in Christ, and wonder why things don’t seem to work.   


The Three Classes

Jews, Gentiles, Church

In 1 Cor.1:22-23, we are told that, "the Jews require a sign, and the Greek (or Gentiles) seek after wisdom; But we (the Church) preach Christ crucified." You will find the people of Israel, almost from their very beginning, seeking after signs, miracles and wonders in order to believe. Even Gideon had to have his fleece. And God worked signs and miracles as long as He was dealing with Israel, up to the end of the Acts period. But after Acts 28:28, signs and miracles ceased, because Israel was set aside for the present age, and God’s completed Word is sufficient for men of faith today.

By the term "Jews", Israel as a nation is meant, and not the individual Jew in this present age. The Gentiles are those of all races and tongues, other than Jews, who have not been regenerated by the new birth. The church is God’s elect company in this present age, and is composed of all born-again humans.

Through the twelve sons of Jacob, God called out unto Himself a special nation of twelve tribes, to be His special testimony to the nations of the earth. Even in the days of Jacob’s grandfather, Abraham, God had this special nation in mind when He said: "I will make thee a great nation, and I will bless thee ....and I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee; and in thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed" (Gen. 12:2-3).

So Israel was to be God’s earthly testimony, and through them He eventually brought the Messiah and Saviour into the world. In due time, Christ will return and God will deal with nations (Matthew 25:31-46).

In dealing thus with an earthly nation, many earthly and physical ordinances and regulation had to be given, especially in the Old Testament. Even the four Gospels are linked with Jewish promises in the Old Testament. They are not church doctrine. But they are most precious to us as divinely inspired pictures of the Person, character, and work of our blessed Lord and Saviour. Like the Old Testament, they give us a most precious acquaintance-ship with our Lord, and also wisdom as to our personal walk as a child of God.

The church is a new thing which began during the Acts period, and was said to be a mystery, hidden from past generations. It is a heavenly company, composed of both Jews and Gentiles. Satan has sought to confuse the issue by causing many man-made churches to be formed, but the Lord’s own church is clearly marked out in the scriptures. In Acts 2:47 He added to the Jerusalem assembly those who were saved. That is still the way He adds members to the church which is His body. His church is destined to leave this world suddenly one of these days- quite suddenly, (1Cor. 15:51-53). Then God will go back to dealing with His earthly nation, Israel.

John the Baptist came as a minister to Israel, preaching the gospel of the kingdom (Matt.3:2). This kingdom message will be resumed after the rapture of the church and God goes back to dealing with Israel (Matt. 24:14). The gospel for the present age is the gospel of the grace of God and is referred to as Paul’s gospel (Acts 20:24; Rom. 2:16; 2Tim. 2:8).

We would have no confusion about the instructions in the New Testament if we would only ask: "To which company is this particular scripture written?" Many, for instance, ask why it is that James 5:14-15 doesn’t seem to work. A dear one is sick; they call for the elders, who pray over him and anoint him with oil, but nothing happens, although this scripture promises that "the Lord shall raise him up." Their error is that James does not write directly to the church, and does not claim to. In the beginning of his epistle he says he is writing "to the twelve tribes (Israel) scattered abroad."

For church doctrine, present day truth, we must turn to Paul’s epistles. In Eph. 3:2-10 Paul says this special revelation of the church was committed unto him. In Gal. 2:9, he says that he and Barnabas were sent unto the Gentiles, while Peter, James and John were sent unto the Jews.

"Study to show thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not be ashamed, RIGHTLY DIVIDING the Word of truth" (2 Timothy 2:15)

 

 

 

 

From The News Headlines.

Mideast truce holds despite new violence: Israel's army chief and Hamas replaced weapons with words Thursday, each claiming victory after 33 months of bloody conflict, while a four-day-old truce appeared to hold despite new violence.

Sharon, Mazen hold joint news conference: Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon and Palestinian Authority Prime Minister Abu Mazan held a joint news conference in Jerusalem.

Abbas: 'Break the ceasefire, go to jail': Palestinian Prime Minister told Reuters on Wednesday that any Palestinian who breaks the cease-fire will be imprisoned.

Israel to release hundreds of Palestinian prisoners: Hundreds of Palestinian prisoners are scheduled for release pending government approval next week of a list of names compiled by the Shin Bet. Security officials said the list contains "less than a thousand" prisoners' names, and said none of them have blood on their hands.

Israel hands over Bethlehem: Israel handed over the West Bank town of Bethlehem to Palestinian control after its pullback Monday from the Gaza Strip, crucial steps that advance aU.S.-backed "road map" to Palestinian statehood and raise hopes that 33 months of violence may be nearing an end.

Temple Mount reopens to non-Muslim visitors: Jews are once again visiting the holiest site in Judaism. Israeli police have begun to allow non-Muslims, under police escort, to enter the Temple Mount grounds in the Old City of Jerusalem, despite threats of violence by Muslim leaders.

Arab Knesset member says Israel's nukes endanger region: An Arab Knesset member said Thursday that the nation's nuclear arsenal is a danger to itself, not just to its neighbors.

Al-Shahri arrested having weapons; Saudi Arabia: US also teaches terrorism: The Secretary of the Ministry of education in Saudi Arabia Khaled al-Awad yesterday denied that the responsibility of September 11 attacks to be the responsibility of the Saudi schools. He also said] "..I can, easily, conclude that education in the US teaches terrorism because of Timothy McVeigh and Oklahoma," in remarks to blowing up of the federal building in the USA in 1995.

Defector: Kim said N. Korea has nukes: North Korean leader Kim Jong Il told aides in 1996 that his country had nuclear weapons, a prominent North Korean defector said Friday.

Christian leader burned to death with wife and four children as 59 killed in Government-sponsored raids in Southern Sudan: At least 59 people were killed, 15 were injured, and ten children and six women abducted when armed Sudanese government forces simultaneously attacked ten villages in Southern Sudan on May 22.

Flood death toll rises to 70:Six more children have drowned in flood waters in Bangladesh; taking the death toll from the monsoon deluge to 70.

China, India may face AIDS 'catastrophe'-CDC: China, India and Cambodia could face an AIDS "catastrophe" as the HIV virus spreads deeper into parts of Asia where health controls are weak, the U.S.-based Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said on Thursday.

Flu could be next terror weapon, warn scientists: Forget anthrax and smallpox, influenza could easily be turned into the next weapon of mass destruction, scientists said today.

Italy and Berlusconi take over EU Presidency: Italy's richest man, Mr. Berlusconi is currently on trial for bribing judges in the 1980s to stop a rival from taking over a state-owned food company.

Italian Presidency focuses on economy and immigration; aims for Rome Treaty: The Italian Government is planning to kick start the European economy, combat illegal immigration and revive the transatlantic relationship during its stint at the helm of the EU from 1 July to 31 December 2003.

Support growing for a Global Currency: "Does the Global Economy need a Global Currency?" "Yes," declares former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker, adding that the 15 or so onlookers here are maybe half the people in the world willing to entertain the question seriously. They include former Israeli central bank head Jacob Frenkel, former Argentine Finance Minister Domingo Cavallo and currency-board champion Steve Hanke. They've been gathered by Nobel Prize economist Robert Mundell for his 10th Santa Colombia Conference.

'Strategic partners' have a change of heart: No two simultaneous separate events will have such far-reaching repercussions on South Asia's stability as last week's summits at Camp David and Beijing. There seems to have been a change of heart from the two "strategic partners" - U.S. and India - with each other's respective "strategic adversaries" - China and Pakistan.

Synod evenly split over gay" bishop": The Church of England's General Synod is split down the middle over the appointment of the first openly gay bishop, a survey has shown.

Polygamists see open door for acceptance: "Polygamy is the next civil-rights battle." That's the new battle cry of proponents of "Christian polygamy" who say their lifestyle is one-step closer to being accepted after the Supreme Court's controversial decision last week invalidating state sodomy laws.

Palestinians: 'Zionist' Christians illegitimate: At a conference this week, Palestinian church leaders declared American Christians who support Israel's right to the Holy Land based on biblical grounds have no connection to true Christianity.

No evidence of Ten Commandments in American history, Court says: A federal appeals court gave the chief justice of the Alabama a stinging rebuke Tuesday when it ordered a display of the Ten Commandments removed from his courthouse...

Mixed-sex human embryo created: An experiment in the United States has created a mixed-sexhuman embryo. The "merged" embryos were never intended to develop into children, and were destroyed after a few days.

Scientists back 'donor babies': The Whitakers' case is controversial. Creating a baby to help save the life of an existing child is "morally acceptable", says the chairman of an influential society of European fertility scientists.

Scientists create human' she-males': Scientists in the United States have created hybrid human" she-males," mixing male and female cells in the same embryo, in a move that has outraged fertility experts and anti-abortionists.

Pro-life women shift to majority: The balance between pro-choice women and women who say abortion should be outlawed or severely restricted is shifting toward the pro-life side, bumping that group into the majority in the debate over reproductive rights, according to a new national poll.

Womb transplant baby 'within three years'; may be technically possible for men to carry pregnancies...:The Swedish expert behind the research says that one of the best candidates tobe an organ donor would be the patient's own mother - raising the prospect of carrying your children in the same womb that carried you. He says that it may even be technically possible one day to transplant a womb into a man, and use hormone injections to allow a pregnancy to succeed.

Era of 'unborn mother' looms as scientists use aborted fetuses to grow human eggs: A quarter of a century ago the first test-tube baby, Louise Brown, was born. Now scientists have raised another startling prospect - "unborn mothers". The notion that children can derive from human matter that has not itself been born sounds the stuff of science fiction. Yet it has moved a step closer with research showing that it is possible to extract ovarian tissue from aborted fetuses for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.

U.S. Judge blocks ban on infanticide: U.S. District Judge Richard L. Williams yesterday ordered prosecutors in Richmond and Henrico County not to enforce Virginia's hours-old "partial-birth infanticide" ban.

Harry Potter and the paganization of children's culture: The realm of human imagination is a God-given gift, a faculty of the mind that is intended for the expansion of our understanding by enabling us to visualize invisible truths. In the modern era this zone of man's interior life has moved to the forefront of his experience. With the advent of film, television, and now the near-virtual reality of special effects videos and other electronic entertainment, the screen of the imaginations stimulated to a degree (both in quantity and kind) more than at any other period in history. This has prompted an ongoing debate over what constitutes healthy nourishment of the imagination and what degrades it.

U.S. Government warns of mass hacker attacks: The government and private technology experts warned Wednesday that hackers plan to attack thousands of Web sites Sunday in a loosely coordinated "contest" that could disrupt Internet traffic.

Natural Gas crisis: Forget about terrorists. Don't give another thought to SARS. The single greatest threat to the U.S. right now comes from a critical shortage of natural gas. The impending crisis will affect all consumers directly in the pocket book, and it may well mean that some people won't survive next winter.

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Brief History of Israel

(BCE - Before Common Era)

c. 17th century

The Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, Jacob - patriarchs of the Jewish people  - settle in the Land of Israel.
Famine forces Israelites to migrate to Egypt.

c. 13th century

Exodus from Egypt: Moses leads Israelites from Egypt, followed by 40 years of wandering in the desert.
Torah, including the Ten Commandments, received at Mount Sinai.

13th-12th centuries

Israelites settle the Land of Israel

c. 1020

Jewish Monarchy established; Saul, first king.

c. 1000

Jerusalem made capital of David's kingdom.

c. 960

First Temple, the national and spiritual center of the Jewish people, built in Jerusalem by King Solomon.

c. 930

Divided kingdom: Judah and Israel

722-720

Israel crushed by Assyrians; 10 tribes exiled (Ten Lost Tribes).

586

Judah conquered by Babylonia; Jerusalem and First Temple destroyed; most Jews exiled to Babylonia.

538-515

Many Jews return from Babylonia; Temple rebuilt.

332

Land conquered by Alexander the Great; Hellenistic rule.

166-160

Maccabean (Hasmonean) revolt against restrictions on practice of Judaism and desecration of the Temple

142-129

Jewish autonomy under Hasmoneans.

129-63

Jewish independence under Hasmonean monarchy.

63

Jerusalem captured by Roman general, Pompey.

(CE - The Common Era)

37 BCE - 4 CE

Herod, Roman vassal king, rules the Land of Israel; Temple in Jerusalem refurbished

66

Jewish revolt against the Romans

70

Destruction of Jerusalem and Second Temple.

73

Last stand of Jews at Masada.

132-135

Bar Kokhba uprising against Rome.

c. 210

Codification of Jewish oral law (Mishnah) completed.

313-636

Byzantine Rule

c. 390

Commentary on the Mishnah (Jerusalem Talmud) completed.

614

Persian invasion

636-1099

Arab Rule

691

On site of First and Second Temples in Jerusalem, Dome of the Rock built by Caliph Abd el-Malik

1099-1291

Crusader Domination
(Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem)

1291-1516

Mamluk Rule

1517-1917

Ottoman Rule

1564

Code of Jewish law (Shulhan Arukh) published.

1860

First neighborhood, Mishkenot Sha'ananim, built outside Jerusalem's walls.

1882-1903

First Aliya (large-scale immigration), mainly from Russia.

1897

First Zionist Congress convened by Theodor Herzl in Basel, Switzerland; Zionist Organization founded.

1904-14

Second Aliya, mainly from Russia and Poland.

1909

First kibbutz, Degania, and first modern all-Jewish city, Tel Aviv, founded.

1917

400 years of Ottoman rule ended by British conquest; British Foreign Minister Balfour pledges support for establishment of a "Jewish national home in Palestine".

1919-23

Third Aliya, mainly from Russia

1920

Histadrut (Jewish labor federation) and Haganah (Jewish defense organization) founded.
Vaad Leumi (National Council) set up by Jewish community (yishuv) to conduct its affairs.

1921

First moshav, Nahalal, founded.

1922

Britain granted Mandate for Palestine (Land of Israel) by League of Nations; Transjordan set up on three-fourths of the area, leaving one-fourth for the Jewish national home
Jewish Agency representing Jewish community vis-a-vis Mandate authorities set up.

1924

Technion, first institute of technology, founded in Haifa.

1924-32

Fourth Aliya, mainly from Poland.

1925

Hebrew University of Jerusalem opened on Mt. Scopus.

1929

Hebron Jews massacred by Arab militants.

1931

Etzel, Jewish underground organization, founded.

1933-39

Fifth Aliya, mainly from Germany.

1936-39

Anti-Jewish riots instigated by Arab militants.

1939

Jewish immigration severely limited by British White Paper.

1939-45

World War II; Holocaust in Europe.

1941

Lehi underground movement formed; Palmach, strike force of Haganah, set up.

1944

Jewish Brigade formed as part of British forces.

1947

UN proposes the establishment of Arab and Jewish states in the Land.

1948

End of British Mandate (14 May)
State of Israel proclaimed (14 May).
Israel invaded by five Arab states           (15 May)
War of Independence                                (May 1948-July 1949)
Israel Defense Forces (IDF) established

1949

Armistice agreements signed with Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon.
Jerusalem divided under Israeli and Jordanian rule.
First Knesset (parliament) elected.
Israel admitted to United Nations as 59th member.

1948-52

Mass immigration from Europe and Arab countries.

1956

Sinai Campaign

1962

Adolf Eichmann tried and executed in Israel for his part in the Holocaust.

1964

National Water Carrier completed, bringing water from Lake Kinneret in the north to the semi-arid south.

1967

Six-Day War, Jerusalem reunited.

1968-70

Egypt's War of Attrition against Israel

1973

Yom Kippur War

1975

Israel becomes an associate member of the European Common Market.

1977

Likud forms government after Knesset elections, end of 30 years of Labor rule.
Visit of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat to Jerusalem.

1978

Camp David Accords include framework for comprehensive peace in the Middle East and proposal for Palestinian self-government.

1979

Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty signed.
Prime Minister Menachem Begin and President Anwar Sadat awarded Nobel Peace Prize.

1981

Israel Air Force destroys Iraqi nuclear reactor just before it is to become operative.

1982

Israel's three-stage withdrawal from Sinai completed.
Operation Peace for Galilee removes PLO terrorists from Lebanon.

1984

National unity government (Llikud and Labor) formed after elections.
Operation Moses, immigration of Jews from Ethiopia.

1985

Free Trade Agreement signed with United States.

1987

Widespread violence (intifada) starts in Israeli-administered areas.

1988

Likud government in power following elections.

1989

Four-point peace initiative proposed by Israel.
Start of mass immigration of Jews from former Soviet Union.

1991

Israel attacked by Iraqi Scud missiles during Gulf war.
Middle East peace conference convened in Madrid;
Operation Solomon - airlift of Jews from Ethiopia.

1992

Diplomatic relations established with China and India.
New government headed by Yitzhak Rabin of Labor party.

1993

Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements for the Palestinians signed by Israel and PLO, as representative of the Palestinian people.

1994

Implementation of Palestinian self-government in Gaza Strip and Jericho area.
Full diplomatic relations with the Holy See.
Morocco and Tunisia interest offices set up.
Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty signed.
Rabin, Peres, Arafat awarded Nobel Peace Prize.

1995

Prime Minister Rabin assassinated at peace rally.
Shimon Peres becomes prime minister.

1996

Fundamentalist Arab terrorism against Israel escalates.
Operation Grapes of Wrath, retaliation for Hizbullah terrorists' attacks on northern Israel.
Trade representation offices set up in Oman and Qatar.
Likud forms government after Knesset elections.
Benjamin Netanyahu becomes prime minister.
Omani trade representation office opened in Tel Aviv.

1997

Hebron Protocol signed by Israel and the PA.

1998

Israel celebrates its 50th anniversary.
Israel and the PLO sign the Wye River Memorandum to facilitate implementation of the Interim Agreement.

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